Is biomass the key to Europe’s future energy needs? Renewable, regenerative and already everywhere, from wood pellets for heating to energy from food waste, biomass is not a future solution, but a present one.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), often referred to as ‘forever chemicals’ for their extreme persistence, have become a defining test of Europe’s ability to reconcile environmental ambition with industrial competitiveness. The discussion increasingly centres on how to balance environmental and health objectives with economic resilience and long-term competitiveness. Consideration of the costs associated with continued PFAS use sits alongside growing awareness of the economic, health and environmental consequences of inaction.